„The activities of the CRC 1187 are based on a cooperative and diverse culture of research and discussion. A central focus is the promotion of equal opportunities for researchers in the early stages of their careers.“
Digital twins represent the techno-ideological paradigm of our time. The new special issue discusses practices, theories, technologies, and histories of digital twinning from different disciplines. All contributions are available on open access.
Digital twins are currently the most important drivers of the fourth industrial revolution. Ever more complex technical products and processes are now developed and tested in the virtual sphere before they emerge in the “real” world. Future artefacts and practices are first produced as software models and simulated as digital twins. The prevalence of digital twins in industry and research creates a fundamental paradigm shift in digital-media technologies. The digital is neither a real-time virtual representation of a real-world physical object nor an entirely separate object: it is much more, for it allows for the analysis of future performances of objects without the physical presence of these objects.
Digital twins represent the techno-ideological paradigm of our time. They have their own ethos in the context of a technocratic view of the world, which presumes that everything observable or at least sense-able can also be made countable, accountable, and computable. While digital twinning originally only involved technical systems, it nowadays also predicts other parameters, such as human movement patterns and occasionally also social aspects. Digital twins are thus emblematic and paradigmatic of a technocratic view of the world defined by the belief that everything can be calculated and controlled. Digital twins are technopolitical artefacts, or rather, they are inscribed with a techno-ecology, as they are increasingly involved in institutional decision-making that can ultimately affect us all. It is in this context that digital twins unfold their true power.
Christoph Borbach, Wendy H.K. Chun, and Tristan Thielmann took this situation as an opportunity to co-edit a special issue of New Media & Society on “Digital Twinning”. The special issue is now available online, with most contributions in open access. Their co-authored editorial “Making everything ac-count-able: The digital twinning paradigm” can be found here.
This special issue includes an array of excellent and insightful contributions by authors such as Louise Amoore, Jussi Parikka, Orit Halpern, John S. Seberger & Geoffrey C. Bowker, Oliver Dawkins & Rob Kitchin, and many more. In total, the issue contains 14 papers examining practices, theories, technologies, and histories of digital twinning from different disciplines using a diverse set of methods.
The 2025 RESAW Conference: Data, Communities, and Food … for Thoughts
by Valérie Schafer (University of Luxembourg & CRC 1187)
The 2025 edition of the RESAW conference marked a significant milestone: the tenth anniversary of a vibrant and constantly evolving academic community. Since its inception in 2015, this conference series has brought together researchers, archivists, and practitioners from diverse fields concerned with the history and present of the web. This year’s event was memorable, not only because of the anniversary, but also due to the remarkable richness of the exchanges, the diversity of its participants, and the depth of the contributions. RESAW joined forces with the Collaborative Research Centre (CRC 1187) Media of Cooperation, both coming together to study The Datafied Web and to preserve its histories.
RESAW is the acronym for A REsearch Infrastructure for the Study of Archived Web Materials. The RESAW community is dedicated to working with digital cultural heritage and gathers every two years at the eponymous RESAW conference. RESAW was founded in 2012 with the goal of building a collaborative European research infrastructure for studying and working with web materials while fostering knowledge exchange across Europe. This presents significant challenges for both research and the archiving of web-based information and objects.
RESAW 2025 – The datafied Web at the University of Siegen
Conference kick-off at Siegen University
Registration corner at Siegen University
Opening Roundtable with Sebastian Gießmann, Thomas Haigh, Anne Helmond, Miglė Bareikytė, Carolin Gerlitz, and Marcus Burkhardt (left to right)
RESAW bags
Niels Brügger, Professor at Aarhus University and founder of the RESAW conferences in front of the Birthday’s cake
Keynote by Nanna Bone Thylstrup, University of Copenhagen, moderated by Sebastian Gießmann (Siegen University, CRC 1187)
Part of the local organizing team (and of the A01 group of the CRC Media of Cooperation)
The conference drew close to one hundred participants from across Europe and North America. Among them were long-standing members of the community – some of whom have attended every edition since the beginning, as well as many newcomers, and notably from the CRC team at the University of Siegen. This mix created a dynamic and productive atmosphere, with new ideas and connections flourishing. It provided intellectual renewal and disciplinary cross-pollination.
The central theme, The Datafied Web, acted as a powerful conceptual anchor, encouraging reflection on how datafication has been and is reshaping the web, our methods, and our understanding of digital studies and web archives.
While many presentations were directly aligned with the theme, the conference also remained open to a wide array of topics beyond the scope of datafication. This flexibility is a longstanding strength of the event, allowing space for discussions of current research developments, methodological experimentation, and new discoveries in the fields of web archiving and web studies. Contributions ranged from updates on national and international web archiving initiatives to exploratory studies in platform studies or qualitative and quantitative methods.
RESAW set out to trace how the datafied web became the sensory media environment we now inhabit. A web of predictive suggestion, of per-user variation, of AI-generated aesthetic and ephemeral interfaces. A web where “what you see” is a product of where you clicked, what you hovered, which model you unknowingly trained. To study this web—and to preserve its histories—that is where the research agendas of Resaw and MoC come together. (Carolin Gerlitz, spokesperson of the CRC 1187)
A significant number of talks examined The Datafied Web through historical perspectives. These included case studies on the evolution of technologies such as the CD-ROM and Bluetooth, and their interaction with or transition into web-based platforms, shedding light on the frictions and continuities involved. Others focused on pressing current concerns, such as data surveillance, algorithmic governance, and the political economy of web and platform infrastructures.
The datafication of the web has brought about a decisive transformation of capitalism – and capitalist economies have in turn datafied the World Wide Web. Our current platform economies are based on the historical development of cookies, web advertising, and the measurement of public data. (Sebastian Gießman, head of the conference)
The interdisciplinary character of the conference was particularly evident this year. Approaches drawn from Web and Platform Studies, the History of Technology, Archival Studies, Digital Humanities, and Critical Data Studies were all present, and in fruitful dialogue. This interdisciplinarity was reflected not only in the themes discussed, but also in the methods employed: from close analysis to distant and scalable reading, and from infrastructure-focused studies to content-based investigations. Such methodological diversity illustrates the richness of the field and the necessity of hybrid approaches to fully grasp the complexities of the web’s past, present and future.
The keynote addresses were among the highlights of the conference. Nanna Bonde Thylstrup’s keynote offered a historically grounded presentation on the theme of data loss, linking it to broader narratives of memory, preservation, and forgetting in the digital age. Jonathan Gray’s keynote, by contrast, was more oriented toward the present and near future, addressing the stakes of open data, and the role of researchers in shaping ethical and inclusive data practices.
Beyond the formal sessions, a variety of pre-workshops, social events, and targeted meetings enriched the experience. Early-career researchers were given space to receive feedback and engage in mentoring dialogues. Pre-conference workshops offered hands-on methodological training and collaborative problem-solving. Roundtables tackled timely and strategic questions, such as the future of our scholarly RESAW network, and the challenges of studying datafication in the opening roundtable. (A personal conference trip report by Lesley Frew that focuses on her experience and some of the sessions is also available).
Of particular note was the attention paid to the epistemological and methodological implications of working with web data. Whether focusing on the politics of web archiving, the limits of data transparency, or the possibilities of algorithmic critique, many sessions interrogated not only what we know, but how we come to know it and what remains excluded or erased in the process. Case studies drawn from diverse geographical, historical and linguistic contexts further enriched these discussions, reminding us of the web’s heterogeneity and the need for grounded, situated and reflexive perspectives.
In conclusion, the 2025 conference was more than just a commemoration of ten years of scholarly exchange and conferences. It was a powerful reaffirmation of the value of community, dialogue, and interdisciplinary collaboration in the face of a rapidly evolving digital landscape and more generally world. The themes explored, the connections made, and the questions raised will no doubt continue to inspire work in the years to come.
We would like to sincerely thank again all the local organisers, all the participants who made this edition such a success, as well as the DFG and FNR, the University of Siegen, the CRC Media of Cooperation, and the C2DH at the University of Luxembourg for their support to this event.
The 2025 RESAW conference was organized by the Collaborative Research Centre 1187 “Media of Cooperation” at the University of Siegen in cooperation with the Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C²DH) at the University of Luxembourg. The conference is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) and the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR).
… the beginnings of the internet in the 90s?
… the birth of web counters?’
… those digital pioneers who started to track our online activities?
… the novelty of seeing website visits measured in real-time?
… eye-catching graphics becoming the currency of our online attention?
… the early days of companies like Webtrends, Urchin and DoubleClick?
More than 40 presentations by over 70 researchers from 11 countries shape the program of the RESAW 2025 conference, focusing on early web development and tracing the historical roots of data-driven web tracking. The conference will take place on June 5 & 6 at the Collaborative Research Center 1187 “Media of Cooperation” in Siegen.
RESAW is the acronym for A Research Infrastructure for the Study of Archived Web Materials. The RESAW community is dedicated to working with digital cultural heritage and gathers every two years at the eponymous RESAW conference.
RESAW was founded in 2012 with the goal of building a collaborative European research infrastructure for studying and working with web materials while fostering knowledge exchange across Europe. This presents significant challenges for both research and the archiving of web-based information and objects.
RESAW 2025 – The datafied Web at the University of Siegen
Over the last two decades the Web has become an integral part of European society, culture, business, and politics. However, web content disappears rapidly—the average lifetime of a web page is two months. To provide future access to this increasingly important digital cultural heritage, key research infrastructures in the form of national Web archives have been established in several European countries.
A web archive is a collection of web material that was born online. However, for the researcher who wants to study values and lifestyles, views and beliefs, identities and cultures across European borders, these national Web archives become an obstacle since they delimit the borderless flow of information on the internet with national barriers. High-quality research across borders requires free and efficient cross-border researcher access to national Web archives. To meet this need, RESAW will establish and operate a collaborative world-class trans- national European research infrastructure that enables cross-border studies of the archived Web by integrating and opening up existing Web archives.
RESAW mobilises a comprehensive consortium of partners, including the national Web archives of Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Portugal and the UK, and the US-based Internet Archive, as well as six research institutions and one specialist consultancy company from six different Member States.
RESAW is in line with the EU’s ambitions expressed in The Digital Agenda for Europe, and it will provide services that do not exist today, putting Europe at the forefront in this field. By facilitating easy access to large amounts of cultural heritage, Big Data, and searching, selecting, and analysing the material, RESAW will make the research process more efficient and enhance the European Research Area. It is thus expected to have a transformative impact on a wide range of researchers who want to use material from national Web archives other than their own.
The sixth RESAW conference is dedicated to tracing the historical roots of the data-driven paradigm in web development. It closely examines trends, trajectories, and genealogies of a datafied and metric-driven web, as well as the rise of platform-based ecosystems. Investigating the historical context, aesthetics, and role of web counters, analytics tools, mobile sensors, and other metrics can contribute to a deeper understanding of online interactions, past publics and audiences, and their (at times problematic) developments.
The theme “The Datafied Web” also raises questions about methods and (web) archives that enable the study of this transformation: What challenges and methodologies arise in archiving a metrified and increasingly mobile web, including its back-end infrastructure? Additionally, the theme invites an exploration of the historical development of data collection and the evolution of web-based data monitoring practices. Related topics include the historical trajectories of tracking mechanisms, cookies, and the emergence of digital footprints, as well as the evolution of metric-dependent businesses and the financialisation of web spaces and their implications.
Taking a historical web analysis perspective, the conference examines mediated environments and asks: How has the datafied web shaped the sensory media environments in which we live today?
Highlights of RESAW 2025
To mark the 10th anniversary of the RESAW conference, a panel discussion organized by Niels Brügger will take place. Be sure to save the date: Friday afternoon, June 6.
A special highlight of this year’s conference are the keynote lectures on Thursday evening and Friday morning, delivered by Nanna Bonde Thylstrup, Associate Professor in Modern and Digital Culture at the University of Copenhagen, and Jonathan Gray, Reader in Critical Infrastructure Studies at the Department of Digital Humanities, King’s College London. Nanna Bonde Thylstrup will speak on “Vanishing Points: Technographies of Data Loss”, approaching the critical study of disappearance through the development of a technographic approach. Jonathan Gray will deliver a keynote on “Public Data Cultures”, historicizing the legal and technical conventions of open data.
Both keynotes aim to take a fresh look at the concept and practices of data: Web data is cultural material, a medium of participation and a site of transnational coordination.
A total of 22 panels at RESAW 2025 will feature over 70 presentations from researchers based in Siegen and across the international RESAW network—including participants from Luxembourg, the Netherlands, France, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, the United States, Portugal, and Israel. On Thursday, panels will shed light on platforms and social media, monetization and web archiving practices, and dealing with data loss, among other topics. On the second day, the focus will be on the Skybox research programme, the history of platforms and research methods.
The conference promises insightful discussions on current research questions related to the trends, trajectories, and genealogies of a datafied and metric-driven web. It will also foster critical dialogue on the challenges and opportunities posed by the rise of platform-driven ecosystems.
The 2025 RESAW conference is organized by the Collaborative Research Centre 1187 “Media of Cooperation” at the University of Siegen in cooperation with the Centre for for Contemporary and Digital History (C²DH) at the University of Luxembourg. The conference is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) and the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR).
How to deconstruct and transform digital infrastructures through practices of hacking, queering, countering, and resisting
We are excited to invite you to this summer’s Lecture Series on “Unstitching Datafication”. Inspired by the seam ripper figure and historical forms of technological resistance, we invited eight guest speakers from the arts, activism and academia to explore how digital technologies can be un- and re-stitched by working on their seams.
“Unstitching Datafication” means deconstructing and transforming digital technologies by working on their ‘seams’. This means examining the social and economic relations and how they have been and can be reconfigured by technology. We invited eight speakers from arts, activism, and academia to explore the limits of digital technology and discuss what it means to intentionally create seams, ruptures, and breakdowns within digital technologies and infrastructures. Even partial unstitching generates holes in the digital fabric that expose the inner workings of opaque digital systems. These holes create openings and opportunities to intervene in structures and algorithmic logic, allowing us to envision utopian futures and alternative digitalities.
The lecture series uses the figure of the seam ripper, or unstitcher, as a textile metaphor to permeate the digital realm, drawing inspiration from previous research: Mark Weiser’s notion of ubiquitous computing famously rests on the ideal of seamless data transfer, devices inform net-work connections, and the World Wide Web remains the most expansive digital fabric. The connection between weaving and computing runs deep. Ellen Harlizius-Klück called automatic weaving a “binary art”, which paved the way for one of the first machines to be operated by punched cards: the Jacquard loom in the early 19th century.
Using the figure of the unstitcher, we understand glitches and noise, the unintended yet often revealing features of digital systems, as options for productive resistance, disconnection, and subversion. Media theory, human geography, gender studies, and critical theory understand these moments as “glitch epistemologies” (Leszczynski & Elwood), “glitch politics” (Alvarez Léon), “queer counter conduct” (Lingel) or even “anti-fascist approach to artificial intelligence” (McQuillan). The often unassuming actions of resistance or obfuscation that lead to the unstitching and, ultimately, to the unravelling of digital processes expose the inherent fragility of digital systems and create spaces for creative interventions and counteraction.
Yet, instead of emphasizing the ‘textility’ of our digital world, the eight lectures focus on how to disrupt the digital world and the seams and frictions of datafication, where knowledge emerges, and resistance takes shape. Building on ‘unstitching datafication’, the series examines the flaws and breakdowns in the supposedly seamless connectivity of today’s technologies.
Lectures & Speakers
We invited eight guest speakers from the arts, activism and academia. They come from the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, USA, Germany and Great Britain. In their lectures, they will focus on practices that can challenge, disrupt, and reconfigure existing norms and structures within digital environments where the sensing and sense-making of people, media, and sensors become intertwined. Thus, our speakers will move beyond the destructive aspect inherent to unstitching seams and networks and instead ask how digital technologies can be unstitched through hacking, queering, countering, and resisting datafication and ‘data colonialism’ – be it through technical manipulations, artistic interventions, or activist action.
#8 Decomputing as Resistance Wed, 16.07.25 | 2.15-3.45 PM | Hybrid
Dan McQuillan (Goldsmiths, University of London) ➞
Event Details
Dates: April 16 – July 16, 2025
Location: University of Siegen, Herrengarten 3, Room: AH-A 217/18
Streaming: via Webex
Time: Wednesdays, 2:15 AM – 3:45 PM CET
How to Register
All events take place in hybrid form (on-site and via Webex). No registration is required if you would like to attend on-site. To attend the lecture online via Webex, please register here →
For more information about the program and detailed schedule, visit the lecture series’ website.
Alvarez Léon, L. F. (2022). “From glitch epistemologies to glitch politics.” Dialogues in Human Geography 12(3), 384-388, DOI: 10.1177/20438206221102951.
Harlizius-Klück, E. (2017). “Weaving as Binary Art and the Algebra of Patterns.” TEXTILE 15(2), 176–197, DOI: 10.1080/14759756.2017.1298239.
Leszczynski, A., & Elwood, S. (2022). “Glitch epistemologies for computational cities.” Dialogues in Human Geography 12(3), 361-378, DOI: 10.1177/20438206221075714.
Lingel, J. (2020). “Dazzle camouflage as queer counter conduct.” European Journal of Cultural Studies 24(5), 1107-1124, DOI: 10.1177/1367549420902805.
McQuillan, D. (2022). Resisting AI: An Anti- Fascist Approach to Artificial Intelligence. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
