P01 - Media of Praxeology I: The “Discovery Procedures” of Science and Technology Studies
SAMSUNG CSC
Principal Investigators:
Researchers:
Dr. Clemens Eisenmann (until 2021, now P02)
Associated:
In the second funding phase, the subproject starts from the thesis that Harold Garfinkel's research works are not only pioneers of contemporary Science and Technology Studies, but offer a distinct approach to the study of "practical technologies" that has only been partially redeemed by social constructivism or actor-network theory. With the emergence of Harold Garfinkel's ethnomethodology, media and data practices were mostly framed in the context of interdisciplinary collaboration or through transdisciplinary transmission, whose central theme was the study of principles of cooperation that were as universal as they were practical. His research on everyday social and technical practices, including their embeddedness in epistemic processes and complex situations of decision-making, can serve as the basis of a digital praxeology.
By reviewing and evaluating Garfinkel's previously unpublished studies, it can be shown that central corpora in the development of praxeology have not yet found their way into the history of media and science. In particular, this involves salvaging the studies Garfinkel conducted beginning in the 1950s in connection with the development of information retrieval and storage systems (zatocoding) and in the late 1960s through experiments in human-machine communication (using the computer program ELIZA). Together with the laboratory studies of scientific discovery realized in the 1970s and 1980s, which were only partially considered in the relevant "Pulsar Paper" (Garfinkel et al. 1981), the subproject can show that central media praxeological research desiderata can be used for the contemporary analysis of data practices. Finally, this will be demonstrated in a case analysis of digital practices in dealing with and reproducing "artificial intelligence" through Do-it-yourself Development kits.
The common point of reference for these studies are the procedures of discovery and the related question: what are the praxeological and socio-technical conditions of cooperation of what Garfinkel placed as "knowing how to get the phenomenon out of data" at the center of his media and laboratory research? In this respect, both the salvage of the historical case studies and the contemporary analysis can show that media and data practices are irreducible parts of the practices studied by ethnomethodology. The subproject can thus make clear the ways in which digital media can be respecified through their documentary practices and the ways in which the use of scientific media and tools can be outlined as collaborative data practices.
Editionen / Erstveröffentlichungen der Schriften Harold Garfinkels
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2023
Eisenmann, Clemens, Kathrin Englert, Ehler Voss, and Cornelius Schubert, eds. 2023. “Making the Conditions of Mutual Making. An Introduction”. In Varieties of Cooperation. Mutually Making the Conditions of Mutual Making, 3-17. Media of Cooperation. Wiesbaden: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39037-2_1.
Eisenmann, Clemens, Christian Meier zu Verl, Yaël Kreplak, and Alex Dennis. 2023. “Reconsidering foundational relationships between ethnography and ethnomethodology and conversation analysis – an introduction”. Qualitative Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941231210177.
Eisenmann, Clemens, and Robert Mitchell. 2023. “Spirituality and Internal Movement as Embodied Work in Yoga and Taiji Practice”. In Instructed and Instructive Actions, edited by Michael Lynch and Oskar Lindwall. New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003279235-14.
Eisenmann, Clemens, Jakub Mlynář, Jason Turowetz, and Anne W. Rawls. 2023. “‘Machine Down’: Making sense of human-computer interaction – Garfinkel’s early research on ELIZA at MIT in 1967-1968 and its contemporary relevance”. AI & Society. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01793-z.
Eisenmann, Clemens, and Anne W. Rawls. 2023. “The Continuity of Garfinkel’s Approach: Seeking Ways of ‘Making the Phenomenon Available Again’ through the Experience and Usefulness of ‘Trouble’”. In The Anthem Companion to Harold Garfinkel, edited by Philippe Sormani and Dirk vom Lehn. London; New York, NY: Anthem Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.4418210.6.
Lynch, Michael, and Oskar Lindwall, eds. 2023. Instructed and Instructive Actions: The Situated Production, Reproduction, and Subversion of Social Order. London; New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003279235.
Sormani, Philippe, and L. Wolter. 2023. “Protocol Subversion: Staging and Stalking of ‘Machine Intelligence’ at School”. In Instructed and Instructive Actions, edited by Michael Lynch and Oskar Lindwall, 259-78. London; New York, NY: Routledge.
Sormani, Philippe, and Dirk vom Lehn, eds. 2023. The Anthem Companion to Harold Garfinkel. Anthem Companions to Sociology. London: Anthem. https://anthempress.com/the-anthem-companion-to-harold-garfinkel-pdf.
2022
Button, Graham, Michael Lynch, and Wes Sharrock. 2022. Ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis and Constructive Analysis: On Formal Structures of Practical Action. London; New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003220794.
Lynch, Michael, ed. 2022. Harold Garfinkel: Studies of Work in the Sciences. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003172611.
Lynch, Michael. 2022. “Garfinkel’s studies of work”. In The Ethnomethodology Program. Legacies and Prospects, edited by Douglas W. Maynard and John Heritage, 114-38. Oxford, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/harold-garfinkel-and-ethnomethodology-9780190854409?lang=en&cc=u.
Lynch, Michael, and Clemens Eisenmann. 2022. “Transposing Gestalt Phenomena from Visual Fields to Practical and Interactional Work: Garfinkel’s and Sacks’ Social Praxeology”. Philosophia Scientiæ 26 (3): 95-122. https://doi.org/10.4000/philosophiascientiae.3619.
Sormani, Philippe. 2022. “Recovering the Work of a Discovering Science with a Video Camera in Hand: The Electronically Probed/Visually Discovered Spectrum”. In The Ethnomethodology Program. Legacies and Prospects, edited by Douglas W. Maynard and John Heritage, 322-47. Oxford; New York, NY: Oxford University Press. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/harold-garfinkel-and-ethnomethodology-9780190854409?lang=en&cc=us#.
2021
Garfinkel, Harold. 2021. “Ethnomethodological Misreading of Aron Gurwitsch on the Phenomenal Field”. Edited by Clemens Eisenmann and Michael Lynch. Human Studies 44 (1): 19-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10746-020-09566-z.
Mair, Michael, Phillip Brooker, William Dutton, and Philippe Sormani. 2021. “Just what are we doing when we’re describing AI? Harvey Sacks, the commentator machine, and the descriptive politics of the new artificial intelligence”. Qualitative Research 21 (3): 341-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794120975988.
Ploder, Andrea, and Tristan Thielmann. 2021. “Methodological Adequacy: Ein medien-, sozial- und wissenschaftstheoretischer Beitrag zu Selektionspraktiken”. In Ethnomethodologie reloaded. Neue Werkinterpretationen und Theoriebeiträge zu Harold Garfinkels Programm, edited by Jörg Bergmann and Christian Meyer, 189-226. Bielefeld: transcript. https://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-5438-7/ethnomethodologie-reloaded/?number=978-3-8394-5438-1.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2021. “Durkheim’s Self-Regulating ‘Constitutive’ Practices: An Unexplored Critical Relevance to Racial Justice, Consensus Thinking, and the COVID-19 Pandemic”. In Durkheim & Critique, edited by Nicola Marcucci, 227-63. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75158-6_8.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2021. “The Structure of Social Facts: Self, Objects and Action as Products of Reciprocity and Cooperation in Constitutive Practices”. Mauss International 1 (1): 186-206. https://www.cairn-int.info/journal-mauss-international-2021-1-page-186.htm.
2020
Eisenmann, Clemens. 2020. “Soziotechnische Intimität und wechselseitige Wahrnehmung bei Verabschiedungen in der familialen Videotelefonie mit Kindern”. In Digitale Kindheiten, edited by Jutta Wiesemann, Clemens Eisenmann, Inka Fürtig, Jochen Lange, and Bina Elisabeth Mohn. Media of Cooperation. Wiesbaden: Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31725-6_5 .
Eisenmann, Clemens, and Christian Meyer. 2020. “Wearing a Face Mask in Everyday Life – About Recalibrations in the Interactional Infrastructure of Global Cooperation”. Global Cooperation Research – A Quarterly Magazine 2 (2): 6-8. https://www.gcr21.org/publications/gcr/gcr-quarterly-magazine/global-cooperation-research-2-/-2020.
Eisenmann, Clemens, and Christian Meyer. 2020. “Wittgensteins rote Blume, Steins Rose und Luckmanns Alpennelke – oder : Alltag und Grenzen des Vergleichens in der Weltgesellschaft aus ethnomethodologischer Perspektive”. In Global beobachten und vergleichen. Soziologische Analysen zur Weltgesellschaft, edited by Hannah Bennani, Martin Bühler, Sophia Cramer, and Andrea Glauser, 317-45. Studien zur Weltgesellschaft/World Society Studies 7. Frankfurt a. M.: Campus-Verlag.
Erbacher, Christian. 2020. Wittgenstein’s Heirs and Editors. Elements in the Philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108878111.
Garfinkel, Harold. 2020. Studien zur Ethnomethodologie. Edited by Erhard Schüttpelz, Anne Warfield Rawls, and Tristan Thielmann. Frankfurt am Main: Campus. https://www.campus.de/buecher-campus-verlag/wissenschaft/soziologie/studien_zur_ethnomethodologie-14230.html.
Sormani, Philippe. 2020. “‘DIY AI’? – Practicing Kit Assembly, Locating Critical Inquiry”. Ethnographic Studies 17: 60-80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050539.
Sormani, Philippe. 2020. “Reenactment as a Research Strategy: From Performance Art to Video Analysis and Back Again”. In Dialogues between Artistic Research and Science and Technology Studies, edited by Henk Borgdorff, Pinch Trevor, and Peter Peters, 184-200. Art & Visual Culture Series. London; New York, NY: Routledge. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4324/9780429438875.
2019
Borbach, Chistoph, and Tristan Thielmann. 2019. “Über das Denken in Ko-Operationsketten. Arbeiten am Luftlagebild”. In Materialität der Kooperation, edited by Sebastian Gießmann, Tobias Röhl, and Ronja Trischler, 115-67. Wiesbaden: Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20805-9_5.
Erbacher Christian, Anne dos Santos Reis, and Julia Jung. 2019. “‘Ludwig Wittgenstein’ –A BBC radio talk by Elizabeth Anscombe in May 1953”. Edited by Simo Säätelä, Gisela Bengtsson, Oskari Kuusela, and Cato Wittusen. Nordic Wittgenstein Review 8 (1-2): 225-40. https://doi.org/10.15845/nwr.v8i1-2.3556.
Erbacher, Christian. 2019. “Ways of Making Wittgenstein Available – Towards Studying Infrastructures and Publics in the History of Editing Wittgenstein’s Writings”. In Infrastructuring Publics – Making Infrastructures Public, edited by Matthias Korn, Wolfgang Reißmann, Tobias Röhl, and David Sittler, 265–284. Wiesbaden: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20725-0_13.
Erbacher, Christian. 2019. “Philosophy – Therapy – Culture: On a Triangulated Analogy in the Philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein”. Journal of Medical Anthropology. 41 (1+2): 135-41. http://www.vwb-verlag.com/Katalog/m844.html.
Erbacher, Christian. 2019. Friedrich August von Hayek‘s Draft Biography of Ludwig Wittgenstein Wittgenstein (with an Endword by A. Janik). Edited by C. Erbacher. Münster: mentis. https://doi.org/10.30965/9783957437976.
Erbacher, Christian. 2019. “‚Good‘ Philosophical Reasons for ‚Bad‘ Editorial Philology? On Rhees and Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Grammar”. Philosophical Investigations 42 (2): 111-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/phin.12226.
Erbacher, Christian. 2019. “Das Drama von Tübingen. Eine Humanities and Technology Story”. Working Paper Series Media of Cooperation 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25819/ubsi/614.
Garfinkel, Harold. 2019. The History of Gulfport Field 1942. Edited by Tristan Thielmann. With an Introduction by Anne Warfield Rawls and Michael Lynch. Siegen: Media of Cooperation. https://www.mediacoop.uni-siegen.de/?p=4987.
Garfinkel, Harold. 2019. Harold Garfinkel: Parsons’ Primer. Edited by Anne Warfield Rawls. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-476-04815-8.
Garfinkel, Harold. 2019. “Notes on Language Games as a source of Methods for Studying the Formal Properties of Linguistic Events”. The European Journal of Social Theory 22 (2): 148-74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431018824733.
Lynch, Michael. 2019. “Ontography as the study of locally organized ontologies”. Zeitschrift für Medien- und Kulturforschung (ZMK) 10 (1): 147-60. https://meiner.de/ontography-as-the-study-of-locally-organized-ontologies.html.
Lynch, Michael. 2019. “Garfinkel, Sacks and Formal Structures: Collaborative origins, divergences and the vexed unity of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis”. Human Studies 42 (2): 183-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10746-019-09510-w.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2019. “Introduction to Garfinkel’s ‚Notes on Language Games‘: Language Events as Cultural Events in ‚Systems of Interaction‘”. The European Journal of Social Theory 22 (2): 133-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431018824698.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2019. La division du travail revisited. Vers une théorie sociologique de la justice. Paris: Le bord de l’eau. http://www.editionsbdl.com/fr/books/la-division-du-travail-revisited.-vers-une-thorie-sociologique-de-la-justice/712/.
Rawls, Anne Warfield, and Michael Lynch. 2019. “Harold Garfinkel’s History of Gulfport Field 1942, Part II, The Aircraft Mechanics School: Mocking-up and Making-do in the Midst of Wartime Urgency”. In The History of Gulfport Field 1942, by Harold Garfinkel, edited by Tristan Thielmann, I-XLVIII. Siegen: Media of Cooperation. https://www.mediacoop.uni-siegen.de/neue-veroeffentlichung-the-history-of-gulfport-field-1942-von-harold-garfinkel/.
Rawls, Anne Warfield, and Jason Turowetz. 2019. “‚Discovering Culture‘ in Interaction: Solving Problems in Cultural Sociology by Recovering the Interactional Side of Parsons’ Conception of Culture”. The American Journal of Cultural Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41290-019-00079-6.
Rawls, Anne Warfield, and Jason Turowetz. 2019. “Introduction to Parsons’ Primer”. In Parsons’ Primer, edited by Harold Garfinkel, 1-108. Stuttgart: Metzler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-04815-8_1.
Thielmann, Tristan. 2019. “The ENIAC Display: Insignia of a Digital Praxeology”. In Exploring the Early Digital, edited by Thomas Haigh, 101-16. New York/London: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02152-8_6.
Turowetz, Jason, and Anne Warfield Rawls. 2019. “The Development of Garfinkel’s ‚Trust‘ Argument from 1947 to 1967: Demonstrating How Inequality Disrupts Sense and Self-Making”. Journal of Classical Sociology 21 (1): 3-37. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X19894423.
2018
Ghanbari, Nacim, Isabell Otto, Samantha Schramm, and Tristan Thielmann, eds. 2018. Kollaboration: Beiträge zur Medientheorie und Kulturgeschichte der Zusammenarbeit. Paderborn: Wilhelm Fink Verlag. https://doi.org/10.30965/9783846758403.
Ghanbari, Nacim, Isabell Otto, Samantha Schramm, and Tristan Thielmann. 2018. “Einleitung”. In Kollaboration. Beiträge zu Medientheorie und Kulturgeschichte der Zusammenarbeit, edited by Nacim Ghanbari, Isabell Otto, Samantha Schramm, and Tristan Thielmann, 1–17. Paderborn: Wilhelm Fink Verlag. https://doi.org/10.30965/9783846758403_002.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2018. “The Wartime Narrative in US Sociology 1940-1947: Stigmatizing Qualitative Sociology in the Name of ‚Science‘”. The European Journal of Social Theory 21 (4): 526-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431018754499.
Rawls, Anne Warfield, Waverly Duck, and Jason Turowetz. 2018. “Problems Establishing Identity/Residency in a City Neighborhood during a in a Black-White Police-Citizen Encounter: Revisiting Du Bois’ Concept of ‚The Submissive Man”. City and Community 17 (4): 1015-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/cico.12345.
Schüttpelz, Erhard. 2018. “Versprechen, Verträge und Vertretung. Soziale Akte bei Adolf Reinach und J.L. Austin”. In Kollaboration: Beiträge zur Medientheorie und Kulturgeschichte der Zusammenarbeit, edited by Nacim Ghanbari, Isabell Otto, Samantha Schramm, and Tristan Thielmann, 183-200. Paderborn: Fink. https://doi.org/10.30965/9783846758403_010.
Thielmann, Tristan. 2018. “Early Digital Images: A Praxeology of the Display”. In Image – Action – Space: Situating the Screen in Visual Practice, edited by Luisa Feiersinger, K. Friedrich, and M. Queisner, 41-54. Berlin: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110464979-004.
2017
Erbacher, Christian. 2017. “‚Gute‘ philosophische Gründe für ‚schlechte‘ Editionsphilologie”. In Textologie – Theorie und Praxis interdisziplinärer Textforschung, edited by M. Enders, A. Pichler, and C. Zittel, 257-98. Berlin: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110352498-007.
Erbacher, Christian. 2017. “Among the omitted stuff, there are many good remarks of a general nature"- On the making of von Wright and Wittgenstein’s culture and value”. Nothern European Journal of Philosophy 18 (2): 79-113. https://doi.org/10.1515/sats-2017-0004.
Erbacher, Christian Eric. 2017. “Brief aus Norwegen”. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 65 (3): 574-88. https://doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2017-0040.
Erbacher, Christian, Julia Jung, and Anne Seibel. 2017. “The Logbook of Editing Wittgenstein’s ‘Philosophische Bemerkungen’. Rush Rhees’ letters to Georg Henrik von Wright 1962-64”. Nordic Wittgenstein Review 6 (1): 105–147. https://www.nordicwittgensteinreview.com/article/view/3442.
Erbacher, Christian, and Tina Schirmer. 2017. “On Continuity: Rush Rhees on Outer and Inner Surfaces of Bodies”. Philosophical Investigations 40 (1): 3-30. 10.1111/phin.12135.
Lisa Ramella, Anna, Asko Lehmuskallio, Tristan Thielmann, and Pablo Abend. 2017. “Introduction Mobile Digital Practices. Situating People, Things, and Data”. Digital Culture & Society 3. https://doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2017-0202.
Ramella, Anna Lisa, Asko Lehmuskallio, Tristan Thielmann, and Pablo Abend, eds. 2017. Mobile digital practices. Digital culture & society vol. 3, issue 2 (2017). Bielefeld: transcript. https://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-3821-9/digital-culture-society-dcs/.
Rawls, Anne Warfield. 2017. “An Essay on the Intrinsic Relationship between Social Facts and Moral Questions”. Canadian Journal of Sociology 54 (4): 392-404. https://doi.org/10.1111/cars.12167.
Rawls, Anne Warfield, and Waverly Duck. 2017. “Fractured Reflections‘ of High Status Black Male Presentations of Self: Non-Recognition of Identity as a Tacit form of Institutional Racism”. Sociological Focus 50 (1): 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2016.1218215.
2016
Erbacher, Christian. 2016. “Die Wittgenstein-Editionen im Kontext – Über editorische Defizite und ihre konstruktive Kontextualisierung”. Editio 30 (1): 197-221. https://doi.org/10.1515/editio-2016-0013.
Erbacher, Christian. 2016. “Wittgenstein and His Literary Executors”. Journal for the History of Analytical Philosophy 4 (3): 1-39. https://www.britishwittgensteinsociety.org/wittgenstein-literary-executors.
Erbacher, Christian. 2016. “Some Notes on Writing a History of Editing Wittgenstein”. In Ästhetik heute, edited by S. Majetschak and A. Weiberg, 69-71. Internationalen Wittgenstein Symposium 39. Kirchberg/Wechsel: De Gruyter. https://www.alws.at/alws/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/papers-2016.pdf.
Erbacher, Christian. 2016. “Der gestaltete Gestalter. Die Editionsgeschichte der Schriften Ludwig Wittgensteins und das Medien-Problem des Philosophierens”. In Gestalten gestalten, edited by Stephan Habscheid, Gero Hoch, Hildegard Schröteler-v. Brandt, and Volker Stein, 1st ed., 13-26. Göttingen: V&R Unipress. https://doi.org/10.14220/9783737005036.13.
2015
Erbacher, Christian. 2015. Formen des Klärens: Literarisch-philosophische Darstellungsmittel in Wittgensteins Schriften. Münster: mentis. https://doi.org/10.30965/9783957438195.